Mario Draghi, former European Central Bank president and Italy’s ex-prime minister, has outlined a bold vision for EU competitiveness in a new report. He warns the EU is falling behind the U.S. and China due to stagnant innovation and an uneven global trade landscape.
The urgency has intensified following Donald Trump’s election, as his proposed tariffs on European goods threaten the EU’s trade surplus. Draghi calls for an annual investment of €750-800 billion (about 4.5% of EU GDP) to reform industries, integrate markets, and address high energy costs.
Key reforms include streamlining market regulations, boosting defense R&D, and creating shared EU assets. Without decisive action, Draghi warns of declining prosperity, environmental setbacks, and weakened freedoms.